6. The second person of reported speech changes according to the object of reporting speech. (Incorrect), Indirect: He said that she was coming that week to discuss it. They said that they had been living in America since 2013. They said that they would not be driving a car.

Direct: She said, “I will be in Scotland tomorrow.”. The policeman said, ‘Where are the weapons?’. (ii) The Past Indefinite Tense or the Past Continuous Tense is not changed if the Reported Speech states two actions which took place at the same time. In this section, we are going to look at types of reported speech as well as how we can use it. if a sentence in direct speech begins with a question (what/where/when) as the “question-word” itself acts as a joining clause. All Rights Reserved. I am undone.”.

In direct speeches, the words that express nearness in time or place are changed to words that express distance in indirect speech. Direct and Indirect speech with rules and examples . $27 $19 DOWNLOAD NOW _ Feel free to leave a comment if you find any errors or if you have any suggestions to make to improve this lesson. When we change from direct to indirect speech, the pronoun and tense changes that are also needed. David said, “I am not going to College”. Use; Direct speech; Reported speech; Simple present; Simple past; Change of tenses ; Questions; Commands; Negatives; Change of pronouns; Change of date and time; Reported Speech Use. Direct: The girl said. b)    Indirect: He said that he should face the challenge. So far I could learn one by one with a good explanation and example so I wish to join in fact, Your email address will not be published. Present Progressive Tense into Past Progressive Tense.

 Past Perfect Tense (The tense remains unchanged)

A modal verb …, Present Perfect vs Past Simple! When we use reported speech, we are referring to something that was said either by ourselves or by someone else in the past. Indirect: She said that Irvin had arrived on Sunday. The verbs therefore usually have to be in the past too. Direct: She said to her, “Are you coming to the prom night?”. Q.3. b)    Indirect: He said that Ira had arrived on Monday. You need to know the context. Indirect: The old man exclaimed with sorrow that he was ruined. Indirect: He said that his girlfriend had come the day before. Indirect Speech: He said he was going to the cinema. b)    Indirect: He says/will say he is unwell. b)    Indirect: They told me that they had been living in Goa. Direct and Indirect Speech: Direct Indirect Speech Rules and examples. He said to me that he would be waiting for me. Indirect Speech for all Tenses - Rules. He said, “The show was already underway when the chief guest arrived.”, He said that the show was already underway when the chief guest arrived. Direct: “Where do you live?” asked the boy. 2. will have) into “would have” The tense of the reporting verb is never changed.

If sentence begins with auxiliary verb, the joining clause should be if or whether. if the words used within the quotes (‘’) talk of a habitual action or universal truth.

Convert the past perfect either into past tense or present perfect as found necessary. See the example below. : reporting the message of the speaker in our own words.


What is Direct & Indirect Speech?

Direct: She said, ‘I should clean the house’. 1. She wished to die. Insert quotation marks, question mark, exclamation and full stop, as per the mood of the sentence. reporting the message of the speaker in the exact words as spoken by him. Quotation marks in indirect speech are used in pairs: Quoted marks have an opening and and end. DIRECT SPEECH CHANGES - INTO  INDIRECT SPEECH Direct: She said, ‘Will you come for the party’? Posted on by in grammar. Direct Speech: the message of the speaker is conveyed or reported in his own actual words without any change. Learn the difference between Past …. The reporting verbs for the orders/ commands/ requests are: order, shout, demand, warn, beg, command, tell, insist, beseech, threaten, implore, ask, propose, forbid…. A pronoun of the first person (I, my, me, our, we) in direct speech is changed in the indirect to the same person as the subject of the introductory verb, e.g. b)    Indirect: The girl enquired where I lived. b)    Direct: He said to him, “Are you coming?”. Direct: “I have been to Boston”, she told me. (Correct), Direct: He said to them, “Will you come for dinner?”, Indirect: He said to them will they come for dinner?

will be) into “would be” All inverted commas or quotation marks are omitted and the sentence ends with a full stop. b)    Indirect: He exclaimed sadly that he was broke. (Incorrect), Indirect: She said (that) she had baked a cake. “I am happy with my result.”, Direct-Indirect Speech – Sample Questions For the English Language.

Direct and Indirect speech: rules and examples. The pronoun ‘I’ is changed to ‘she’. Indirect: The policeman enquired where we were going. All inverted commas or quotation marks are omitted and the sentence ends with a full stop. a)    Direct: He said, “Alas! a)    Direct: He says to them, "You have completed your job.”.

Rule: If the direct speech has a pronoun, its person is changed, when necessary, to refer in the indirect to the same individual as it does in the direct. Rules: (i) If the Reported Speech states some General, Universal or Habitual Truth, Proverb, Historical event in the past, Improbable future condition, the Present Tense used there is not changed into the corresponding past form.  Future Perfect Progressive Tense (e.g. (Present Tense is changed to Past). a)    Direct: He said, “Will you come for the meeting?”. the following day, the next day, the day after, the following week, the next week, the week after, the previous Saturday, the Saturday before, the following Saturday, the next Saturday, the Saturday after, that Saturday, Perfect Conditional, (would/should have worked).

Reported Commands and Requests in English | Image. Aviral exclaimed with wonder that the scenery is very beautiful. See if you can spot that mistake. When you are changing a question from direct speech into indirect speech, you follow the same kinds of rules as for statements. Indirect: Roshni said that she may meet him here. She said that the world was full of sorrow.

Indirect: The boy enquired where I lived. Indirect: He said that she had finished her homework. The sentence in which we express hope, the prayer … To report a question, we use verbs such as: inquire, wonder, want to know, ask…. Given below are samples of direct and indirect speech questions asked in the English language section of various government examinations: Q.1. b)    Indirect: He told me that he had been to Gujarat. More such concept-wise, subject-wise differences can be found on the 100 Difference between Articles page linked here. Wish that I were dead’. Learn the Changes of Pronouns in Reported Speech in English. a)    Indirect: He asked whether he is coming. List of Introductory Verbs in Reported Speech. Rule 2 – Direct Speech to Indirect Speech conversion – Present Tense. 2. Vocabulary to report direct speech.  Present Perfect Tense into Past Perfect Tense Would love your thoughts, please comment. 7.

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