He was crowned Holy Roman Emperor on 14 April in Rome by the new pope, Celestine III. Alexius immediately submitted to the tributary demands and exacted high taxes from his subjects to pay the Crusaders 5,000 pounds of gold. For Frederick Barbarossa the Sicilian alliance brought a powerful ally in the Italian peninsula, but also offered at least a prospect that Henry might eventually succeed to the Sicilian kingdom. At Henry's death, and for the following decades, the central figure in Italian policy remained his nemesis, Robert of Naples. [3] He also saw it, together with the crowns of Italy and Arles, as a necessary counterweight to the ambitions of the French king. After the death of Henry VII, two rivals, the Wittelsbach Ludwig of Bavaria and Frederick the Handsome of the House of Habsburg, laid claim to the crown. [2], While his forces were already on their way to the Holy Land, Henry VI died before his departure in Messina on 28 September 1197.
William’s marriage was childless and the line of succession uncertain; by allying himself to the mighty Staufen dynasty, he hoped to secure the position of the Hauteville family in Sicily. During the Third Crusade (1189-1192), Frederick Bar- barossa was in frequent contact with Henry, among other things admonishing him to have the Italian cities equip a fleet and send it to the East to persuade the Byzantine emperor to support the crusade. As a child, on August 15, 1169, he was elected to …
[12], While these negotiations were taking place, Henry began his descent into northern Italy in October 1310, with his eldest son John remaining in Prague as the Imperial vicar. Frederick II: October 9, 1204 - September 11, 1254 Inherited Southern Italy into the imperial domain. During the summer Henry fell ill with malaria, to which he succumbed on 28 September. Henry VII (German: Heinrich; c. 1273[2]–24 August 1313)[3] was the King of Germany (or Rex Romanorum) from 1308 and Holy Roman Emperor from 1312. The legacy of Henry was clearest in the successful careers of two among the local despots he made Imperial Vicars in northern cities, Cangrande I della Scala of Verona and Matteo Visconti of Milan[31]. [16] This was successful in that Pope Clement V, under increasing pressure from King Philip of France, began to distance himself from Henry and to take up the cause of the Italian Guelphs who had been appealing to the Papacy for support.
By declaring a new Crusade to reconquer Jerusalem, Henry aimed at an agreement with Pope Celestine III to acknowledge his rule over Sicily. The Holy Roman Emperor, officially the Emperor of the Romans, and also the German-Roman Emperor, was ... Henry VI: June 10, 1196 - October 9, 1204 Reinvigorated the Imperial succession system. Nevertheless, by the end of 1312, he had subdued a large part of Tuscany, and had treated his defeated enemies with great leniency.
On 25 December 1194 he was crowned king of Sicily; the next day Constance gave birth to a son, who was named Frederick Roger after his two grandfathers. Pope Clement gladly ratified the election of this national king and absolved all the Sicilian nobles from the oath they had sworn to the German king.
The emperor returned to the kingdom of Sicily in April 1197, but his preparations for the crusade were delayed by a rebellion that broke out in May. Henry was able to to enter Palermo without opposition. Having married Constance, daughter of Roger II of Sicily, Henry became heir of William II upon the latter's death without issue (18 November, 1189). S. B., was Holy Roman Emperor ("Romanorum Imperator") from 1014. Henry expressed both his high-minded idealism and lack of political craft in his plan to require all the cities of Lombardy to welcome back their exiles, of whatever their political stripe. He was elected King of the Romans at the age of four, and he accompanied his father on campaign in Italy from the age of nine. At the end of 1185, Henry joined his father in Italy, where the Barbarossa was again attempting to assert imperial control.
Henry was crowned emperor in St. Peter's, 15 April, 1191.
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