Das Lössplateau, Löss-Hochland (chinesisch 黃土高原, Pinyin Huángtǔ gāoyuán) oder Löss-Bergland in Huabei (Nordchina) ist eine Hochlandstufe, die den Übergang vom Nordchinesischen Tiefland zum Plateau der Inneren Mongolei im Norden sowie dem Hochland von Tibet im Westen darstellt. The restoration of China's Loess Plateau is unmatched in scale, yet the allure of non-native species to engineer a desired outcome in the landscape is common globally. United Nations established 2021-2030 as the decade for ecosystem restoration and "prevent, halt and reverse the degradation of ecosystems worldwide". The project encouraged natural regeneration of grasslands, tree and shrub cover on previously cultivated slope-lands. Home to more than 50 million people, the Loess Plateau in China's Northwest takes its name from the dry powdery wind-blown soil. Centuries of overuse led to one of the highest erosion rates in the world and widespread poverty. This short take is extracted from "Hope in a Changing Climate", John D. Liu's wonderful documentary. A woman harvests hickory nuts for crafting, a side benefit of the local tree planting efforts./CGTN Photo, (If you want to contribute and have specific expertise, please contact us at nature@cgtn.com), Copyright © 2018 CGTN. The Loess Plateau of China is one of the most severe soil and water loss areas in the world. Tales along the Yellow River, in a way, are tales of the loess plateau, as well. Essentially, what has been witnessed and docu- mented on the Loess Plateau is that it is possible to rehabilitate large-scale damaged ecosystems. Learn how the World Bank Group is helping countries with COVID-19 (coronavirus). Opportunities for women to work have increased significantly. First Loess Plateau project: out of US$252 million (actual project costs), IDA contributed US$149 million; government/counterpart funding US$103 million. Agricultural production has changed from generating a narrow range of food and low-value grain commodities to high-value products. The average annual sediment in the Yellow River has been reduced from an estimated 1530 million tons in the 1950s to 166 million tons in the 2010s [4]. Replanting and bans on grazing allowed the perennial vegetation cover to increase from 17 to 34 percent. Loess Plateau, Chinese (Pinyin) Huangtu Gaoyuan or (Wade-Giles romanization) Huang-t’u Kao-yüan, highland area in north-central China, covering much of Shanxi, northern Henan, Shaanxi, and eastern Gansu provinces and the middle part of the Huang He (Yellow River) basin. The historically destitute "Xihaigu" region now green with terraces./CGTN Photo. With changing climate and increasing populations, we need to restore landscapes to ensure the resilience of ecosystem services in the 21st century recognizing that cultural diversity is as important as As the implementation of the Grain-for-Green Program (GFGP) in 1999 on the Loess Plateau of China, the ecosystem services (ESs) are undergoing significant change, where soil conservation (SEC) and carbon sequestration (TC) of local ecosystems was enhanced but water yield (WY) were decreased. Learn how the World Bank Group is helping countries with COVID-19 (coronavirus). WWF Source: Liu, 2012; Liu & Bradley, 2016 Study Area The Loess Plateau is one of the most corrodible regions in the world which is located at latitude of 34 –40 N and longitude of 103 –114 E and is approximately 1000 km long from west to east, and 700 km wide from south to north. Vegetation Restoration on Loess Plateau. Global data and statistics, research and publications, and topics in poverty and development. During the second project period, per capita grain output increased from 365 kg to 591 kg per year. The World Bank Group works in every major area of development. Find Out. We face big challenges to help the world’s poorest people and ensure that everyone sees benefits from economic growth. So the rehabilitation of the loess plateau was a project that began even before the People's Republic of China was founded. Since 1999, the Grain to Green Program (GTGP) has been implemented in the region. But it wasn't until much later when the government-led initiative started to really transform the plateau's gullied landscape, in a way thanks to the large amount of migrant workers who left the countryside in search for opportunities in cities as well. Contribution: Methodology, Validation, Writing - original draft, Visualization. The Loess Plateau in China covers an area of ca. Between 2000 and 2008 the land cover patterns of the Loess Plateau changed remarkably. The loess plateau is of symbolic importance for the Chinese as well: Several millennia ago it was on the plateau where northern China's dry land agriculture emerged, and those who are familiar with China would know that until the 1980s a big part of the country's population still relied on farmlands for a living. Qian Cao, Jianguo Wu, Deyong Yu, Wei Wang, The biophysical effects of the vegetation restoration program on regional climate metrics in the Loess Plateau, China, Agricultural and Forest Meteorology, 10.1016/j.agrformet.2019.01.022, 268, (169-180), (2019). Shanxi, a province on the Loess Plateau in north China, saw its forest area reach 3.63 million hectares by the end of 2019, the best figure since the founding of the People's Republic of China. Incomes doubled: People in project households saw their incomes grow from about US$70 per year per person to about US$200 through agricultural productivity enhancement and diversification. About 2000 years ago, larger areas were used for grain production and soil erosion was thus becoming severe with increase in human activity. IDA resources – through direct investments, policy and technical assistance, training, capacity building and the efforts and behavioral change of the people in the project area – helped demonstrate the effectiveness of a model that improved the lives and livelihoods of more than 2.5 million people, and many more through replication. Impacts of vegetation restoration on groundwater drought in the Loess Plateau (LP), China were fully explored. It is home to more than 50 million people. Home to more than 50 million people, the Loess Plateau in China’s Northwest takes its name from the dry powdery wind-blown soil. Restoration has occurred over an area of about 35,000 square kilometers (about 5% of the plateau's total area). July 2014; DOI: 10.1007/978-4-431-54481-4_17. Centuries of overuse and overgrazing led to one of the highest erosion rates in the world and widespread poverty. In China’s Loess Plateau they realised that the crucial step toward eco-system restoration is the understanding that, in the long run, safeguarding ecosystem functions is vastly more valuable than the production and consumption of goods and services. Terracing not only increased average yields, but also significantly lowered their variability. We provide a wide array of financial products and technical assistance, and we help countries share and apply innovative knowledge and solutions to the challenges they face. Thank you for agreeing to provide feedback on the new version of worldbank.org; your response will help us to improve our website. China (1999-2003): The projects’ principles have been adopted and replicated widely. Natural resources were protected: Uncontrolled grazing, subsistence farming, fuel wood gathering and cultivation of crops on slopes had left huge areas of the Plateau devastated.

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